K-우주항공정책포럼 2025 정기총회 및 세미나 참석자 딘체사진   경상남도는 4월 11일 서울 한국프레스센터 프레스클럽에서 ‘2025년 제1차 K-우주항공정책포럼 정기총회 및 세미나’를 개최했다. 이번 행사는 우주항공청 출범 이후 변화하는 산업 환경에 대응하고, 실효성 있는 정책 수립을 위한 전략 논의를 위해 마련됐다. 경상남도, 진주시, 사천시가 공동 주최하고, 경남테크노파크와 K-우주항공정책포럼이 주관했으며, 산·학·연·관 관계자 약 100여 명이 참석해 높은 관심을 보였다. 행사는 ▲제1부 정기총회 ▲제2부 정책 세미나로 구성됐다. 정기총회에서는 2025년도 운영 계획 공유, 회칙 개정, 임원 변경 등 안건이 논의됐다. 정책 세미나에서는 유창경 한국항공우주학회장(인하대 교수)이 ‘우주항공산업의 지속 가능한 성장과 정책 강화’를 주제로 주요 정책 과제를 제시했으며, 권현준 우주항공청 정책국장은 ‘대한민국의 우주항공 정책 방향’을 발표했다.   패널토론 이어진 패널토론은 이대성 항공안전기술원장의 사회로 진행됐으며, 주광혁 연세대 교수, 조황희 과학기술정책연구원 명예연구위원, 최기영 인하대 교수, 이재우 건국대 교수가 패널로 참여해 우주·항공·AAM(미래항공모빌리티) 분야의 정책적 접근 방향에 대해 심도 깊은 논의를 펼쳤다. K-우주항공정책포럼은 2023년 창립 이래 다양한 세미나와 정책 논의를 통해 우주항공산업 정책 플랫폼으로 자리매김해 왔다. 2024년에는 전략·분과위원회 운영과 정책 보고서 발간 등 싱크탱크로서의 기능도 강화하고 있다. 올해는 특히 제2회 세미나를 4월 16~17일 사천에서 열 예정이며, 연내 법인화를 추진해 조직 운영의 지속성과 전문성을 높일 계획이다. 유창경 회장은 "우주항공산업은 국민소득 5만불 시대를 대비한 핵심 산업"이라며, “우주 개발 투자는 단순한 기술 유지 차원을 넘어 통신·항법·영상서비스 확대, 스타트업 육성, 우주 바이오 및 신소재 개발, 국제 협력 확대 등 다양한 정책적 지원이 필요하다”고 강조했다. 또한 항공 산업에 대해서는 “우주 산업과 마찬가지로 국가의 지원이 절실하지만, R&D 직접 투자보다 민간사업자의 사업여건 개선에 중점을 둬야 한다”고 덧붙였다.  

#우주항공산업 #실태조사 2020년도 우주산업 실태조사(조사기준년도: 2019년) 입니다. sy.song@delcam.co.kr 노명고 제1장 우주산업실태조사 개요 ………………………………1 1. 법적 근거 및 연혁 ··············································· 3 2. 조사 목적 ······························································· 4 3. 조사 설계 ······························································· 4 4. 2020년 우주산업실태조사 설문내용 ················ 5 5. 2020년 우주산업실태조사 응답현황 ················ 7 6. 자료 처리 및 분석 ··············································· 7 7. 용어 해설 및 참고사항 ······································· 8 제2장 우주산업실태조사 결과요약 …………………………9 1. 우주분야 참여현황 ············································· 24 2. 우주분야 참여기관 지역분포 ··························· 26 3. 우주분야 활동금액 ············································· 27 4. 우주분야 수출입현황 ········································· 30 5. 우주분야 인력현황 ············································· 33 6. 우주분야 투자현황 ············································· 38 제3장 우주산업실태조사 조사결과 ………………………39 제1절. 기업체 현황 ························································ 39 1. 일반현황 ······························································· 41 2. 우주분야 매출현황 ············································· 49 3. 우주분야 내수현황 ············································· 58 4. 우주분야 수출입현황 ········································· 59 5. 우주분야 인력현황 ············································· 63 6. 우주분야 투자현황 ············································· 73 7. 우주분야 지식재산권현황 ································· 74 제2절. 연구기관 현황 ·························································· 77 1. 일반현황 ·································································· 79 2. 우주분야 예산현황 ················································ 84 3. 우주분야 수출입현황 ············································ 89 4. 우주분야 인력현황 ················································ 91 5. 우주분야 투자현황 ················································ 98 6. 우주분야 지식재산권현황 ···································· 99 제3절. 대학 현황 ································································ 101 1. 일반현황 ································································ 103 2. 우주분야 연구비현황 ·········································· 107 3. 우주분야 수출입현황 ·········································· 114 4. 우주분야 인력현황 ·············································· 116 5. 우주분야 투자현황 ·············································· 123 6. 우주분야 지식재산권현황 ·································· 124 제4장 우주개발 동향 ···························································· 127 1. 해외 우주개발 동향 ············································ 129 2. 국내 우주개발 동향 ············································ 191  제5장 우주산업실태조사 통계표 ········································ 211 [부록] 우주산업실태조사 조사표 ································  표 1-1 우주산업실태조사 연혁 ························································································· 3 표 1-2 2020년 우주산업실태조사 설계 ········································································· 4 표 1-3 2020년 우주산업실태조사 설문내용 ································································· 5 표 1-4 2020년 우주산업실태조사 응답현황 ································································· 7 표 2-1 우주 분야별 참여현황 ························································································ 25 표 2-2 기관별 지역분포 ·································································································· 26 표 2-3 기관별 우주 분야 활동금액 ·············································································· 28 표 2-4 우주 분야별 활동금액 ························································································ 29 표 2-5 연도별 수출입현황 ······························································································ 30 표 2-6 분야별 수출입현황 ······························································································ 31 표 2-7 기관별 인력현황 ·································································································· 33 표 2-8 분야별 인력현황 ·································································································· 35 표 2-9 기관별 우주개발 인력현황 ················································································ 36 표 2-10 성별 인력현황 ···································································································· 37 표 2-11 학력별 인력현황 ································································································ 37 표 2-12 기관별 투자현황 ································································································ 38 표 3-1 분야별 참여현황(기업체) - 중복 ··································································· 42 표 3-2 분야별 참여 기업체 리스트 ·············································································· 43 표 3-3 기업 특성별 분포 ································································································ 46 표 3-4 분야별 매출액(기업체) ······················································································ 51 표 3-5 기업규모별 매출액(기업체) ·············································································· 52 표 3-6 우주산업 매출 비중별 분포(기업체) ······························································ 53 표 3-7 기업별/인력별 우주 매출액(기업체) ······························································· 54 표 3-8 분야별 우주 매출액 상위 기업(기업체) ························································ 55 표 3-9 국내총생산액과 우주산업 매출액 추이(기업체) ·········································· 57 표 3-10 거래대상별 내수현황(기업체) ········································································ 58 표 3-11 연도별 수출입현황(기업체) ············································································ 59 표 3-12 매출액 대비 수출액 비율(기업체) ································································ 62 표 3-13 분야별 인력현황(기업체) ················································································ 64 표 3-14 분야별 인력채용계획(기업체) ········································································ 65 표 3-15 직무경력별/연도별 인력현황(기업체) ··························································· 66 표 3-16 최종학력별/연도별 인력현황(기업체) ··························································· 67 표 3-17 전공별/성별 인력현황(기업체) ······································································· 68 표 3-18 근속년수별/성별 인력현황(기업체) ······························································· 69 표 3-19 분야별/성별 인력현황(기업체) ······································································· 70 표 3-20 연령별/성별 인력현황(기업체) ······································································· 71 표 3-21 우주 관련 신규 채용 인력 현황 ···································································· 72 표 3-22 투자현황(기업체) ······························································································ 73 표 3-23 지식재산권현황(기업체) ·················································································· 74 표 3-24 주요 우주분야별 지식재산권 현황(기업체) ················································ 74 표 3-25 세부 우주분야별 2019년 신규 지식재산권현황(기업체) ························· 75 표 3-26 분야별 참여현황(연구기관) - 중복 ····························································· 79 표 3-27 분야별 참여 연구기관 리스트 ········································································ 80 표 3-28 분야별 예산액(연구기관) ················································································ 86 표 3-29 거래대상별 예산현황(연구기관) ···································································· 87 표 3-30 분야별 우주 예산액 상위 기관(연구기관) ·················································· 88 표 3-31 연도별 수출입현황(연구기관) ········································································ 89 표 3-32 분야별 인력현황(연구기관) ············································································ 92 표 3-33 분야별 인력채용계획(연구기관) ···································································· 93 표 3-34 우주 관련 신규 채용 인력 현황 ···································································· 94 표 3-35 투자현황(연구기관) ·························································································· 98 표 3-36 지식재산권현황(연구기관) ·············································································· 99 표 3-37 세부 우주분야별 2019년 신규 지식재산권현황(연구기관) ·················· 100 표 3-38 분야별 참여현황(학과 기준) - 중복 ························································ 103 표 3-39 분야별 참여 대학 학과 리스트 ···································································· 104 표 3-40 분야별 참여 대학 학과 리스트 ···································································· 105 표 3-41 분야별 연구비(대학) ······················································································ 108 표 3-42 학과/분야별 연구비(대학) ············································································ 109 표 3-43 분야별 우주 연구비 상위 학과(대학) ························································ 110 표 3-44 지역/분야별 연구비(대학) ············································································ 111 표 3-45 거래대상별 연구비현황(대학) ······································································ 112 표 3-46 학과/분야별 연구비현황(대학) ···································································· 113 표 3-47 학과/분야별 수입현황(대학) ········································································ 115 표 3-48 학과/국가별 수입현황(대학) ········································································ 115 표 3-49 분야별 인력현황(대학) ·················································································· 117 표 3-50 학과/분야별 인력현황(대학) ········································································ 118 표 3-51 학과/성별․학력별 인력현황(대학) ································································ 120 표 3-52 졸업(2019년 기준) 및 우주분야 상급과정 진학현황(대학) ················ 121 표 3-53 졸업(2019년 기준) 및 우주분야 취업현황(대학) ·································· 122 표 3-54 투자현황(대학) ································································································ 123 표 3-55 학과별 투자현황(대학) ·················································································· 123 표 3-56 지식재산권현황(대학) ···················································································· 124 표 3-57 세부 우주분야별 2019년 신규 지식재산권현황(대학) ·························· 125 표 4-1 2019년 국가별 우주예산 현황 ········································································ 140 표 4-2 주요국의 우주분야 정부예산 변화 추이(2017-2019) ································ 141 표 4-3 NASA 우주탐사 캠페인의 6가지 전략적 목표 ············································· 167 표 4-4 미국의 달탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ··························································· 168 표 4-5 미국의 화성탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ······················································· 169 표 4-6 미국의 심우주 탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ················································· 171 표 4-7 미국의 기타 우주개발 프로그램(2010-2029) ············································· 173 표 4-8 중국의 달탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ··························································· 175 표 4-9 중국의 화성탐사 및 기타 우주개발 프로그램(2010-2029) ······················ 176 표 4-10 E3P2의 주요 내용 ···························································································· 177 표 4-11 유럽의 달탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ························································· 179 표 4-12 유럽의 화성탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ····················································· 179 표 4-13 유럽의 심우주탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ················································· 180 표 4-14 유럽의 기타 우주개발 프로그램(2010-2029) ··········································· 181 표 4-15 러시아의 달탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ····················································· 183 표 4-16 러시아의 화성탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ················································· 183 표 4-17 러시아의 심우주탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ············································· 184 표 4-18 러시아의 기타 우주개발 프로그램(2010-2029) ······································· 184 표 4-19 인도의 달탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ························································· 185 표 4-20 인도의 화성탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ····················································· 186 표 4-21 인도의 심우주탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ················································· 186 표 4-22 인도의 기타 우주개발 프로그램(2010-2029) ········································ 187 표 4-23 일본의 달탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ······················································ 188 표 4-24 일본의 화성탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ·················································· 189 표 4-25 일본의 심우주탐사 프로그램(2010-2029)) ············································ 189 표 4-26 일본의 심우주탐사 프로그램(2010-2029) ·············································· 190 표 4-27 2020년 국내 우주분야별 예산 및 변동 현황 ·········································· 195 표 4-28 2020년 위성활용 분야 정부기관별 주요사업 수행현황 ························      자료첨부 : pdf   출처 : 과학기술정보통신부  

광학 단층 촬영 기술과 결합해 품질 보증에 소요되는 시간을 단축 3D 프린팅 기술에 기반한 적층제조는 품질 보증에 대한 새로운 방법과 비용 효율적인 아이디어를 요구하고 있다. MTU 에어로 엔진(MTU Aero Engines)은 3D 프린팅 적층 제조 공정에 대한 모니터링 및 문서화를 위해 광학 단층 촬영(Optical Tomography) 기술을 개발했으며, 양산 애플리케이션에 대한 비용 효율적 품질 보증 프로세스를 마련했다. ■ 자료 제공 : EOS ▲ 적층제조로 생산된 부품을 테스트할 때, MTU Aero Engines는 EOSTATE Exposure OT를 이용하여 레이어 별 적층 과정을 실시간으로 모니터한다.  양산 과정에서 종단간 모니터링 우주항공산업 분야에서 생산되는 모든 부품은 엄격한 품질 기준을 충족해야 한다. 특히 양산(serial production) 환경에서 부품 품질 및 공정 안정성, 재현성에 대한 기준은 매우 높다. 따라서 종단간(end-to-end) 품질 보증은 전체 생산 체인에서 매우 중요하다.  불과 몇년 전에는 3D 프린팅 적층 제조를 위한 잘 정립된 테스트 과정이 없었기에 염료 침투 탐상 검사, 엑스레이, 컴퓨터 단층 촬영(CT)과 같은 비파괴 및 후속과정이 금속 파트의 품질 보증에 사용되었다. 이러한 전통적인 테스트 방법은 일부 경우에 한하여 효과적이라고 볼 수 있으나, 대부분 비용이 많이 들고 불충분할 수 있다. 간혹 품질 보증에 소요되는 비용이 생산 비용보다 커질 수 있다.  산업용 3D 프린팅을 위한 품질 보증 체계 3D 프린팅 적층제조 프로세스는 안전인증에 대한 엄격한 요구사항으로 인해 엔진 건설과 관련된 분야에서 여러 중요 과제를 가지고 있다. 항공기의 비행을 위한 모든 구성요소는 원자재에서 최종 제품에 이르기까지 결함 여부를 확실히 하기 위하여 지속적인 모니터링이 필요하다. 이는 산업용 3D 프린팅을 위한 품질 보증(기술 테스트, 공정 제어, 문서화)에 새로운 방법과 비용 효율적 아이디어가 필요하다는 것을 뜻한다.  MTU 에어로 엔진(MTU Aero Engines)은 3D 프린팅 적층 제조 공정에 대한 100% 모니터링 및 문서화가 가능한 특정 테스트를 위한 목적으로 2013년 광학 단층 촬영(Optical Tomography) 기술 개발을 시작했다. 초기 연구 및 구현 단계가 성공적으로 완료된 후, 이 기술은 EOS와 파트너십을 통해 EOSTATE Exposure OT 시리즈 솔루션으로 더욱 발전하였다.  이 시스템은 sCMOS 산업용 카메라로 전체 제조환경을 모니터링하고 용융 공정의 열 방출을 고해상도로 측정한다. 이 소프트웨어는 설정 변경이 가능하며 각 레이어 별 파트 품질에 대한 상세한 정보를 제공한다. 따라서 광학 단층 촬영으로 재현성을 모니터링하며, 빌딩 파트와 제조 공정, 프린팅 시스템 간 비교 가능성을 높이고, 양산 애플리케이션에 대한 비용 효율적 품질 보증의 통합 기능을 제공한다. MTU 에어로 엔진은 현재 EOSTATE Exposure OT를 추가 테스트 절차로 설정하는 것을 목표로 하고 있으며, 이는 품질 보증과 관련된 비용을 크게 절감할 수 있다.  ▲ 에어버스 A320네오의 맞춤 터보 엔진을 위한 보어스코프 포스를 3D 프린팅 적층 기술로 양산 적층제조 프로세스의 레이어 별 라이브 모니터링 구축 MTU 에어로 엔진은 신형 에어버스 A320네오(Airbus A320neo)의 기어드 터보팬 엔진(Geard Turbofan Engines)의 보어스코프 보스(Borescope Boss) 공정 개발 및 품질 보증을 위해 적층 제조 양산 라인에 EOSTATE Exposure OT를 수년간 사용해왔다. 이로 인해 MTU는 이 품질 보증 프로세스에 대해 포괄적으로 경험할 수 있었고, 그 대안인 비파괴 실험과 비교를 수행하였다. 초기에 양산 품목들은 전통적인 방사선 검사와 CT 촬영과 OT를 병행하였고 그 결과를 체계적으로 비교했다.   EOSTATE Exposrue OT는 기존의 테스트 방법과 마찬가지로 기공(Cavities, Pores), 고형 함유물, 불완전 융합 등을 포함한 가능한 모든 유형의 결함을 감지할 수 있는지, EOSTATE Exposure OT가 더 우수한 탐지 확률(POD: Probability of Detection)을 달성할 수 있는지 그 여부가 결정적인 질문이었다. 단면 비교, 현미경 검사와 같은 파괴적 테스트 방법과의 비교도 체계적으로 수행되었다.  수차례 테스트로 EOSTATE Exposure OT는 신뢰성을 구축하였고, MTU에서 품질 보증의 패러다임 변화로 이어졌다. EOSTATE Exposure OT를 통한 제조 프로세스의 레이어 별 라이브 모니터링은 이제 적층 제조 파트를 테스트하기 위한 새로운 대안이 되었다.  엔진 제조 산업의 공식 테스트로 발전 전망 EOSTATE Exposure OT가 모든 잠재적인 결함을 확실히 감지한다는 것이 입증되었고, MTU 에어로 엔진은 양산을 위한 결정을 내렸다. EOSTATE Exposure OT와 전통적인 방사선, CT, 파괴 검사 방법의 비교에서 EOSTATE Exposure OT의 POD는 다른 비파괴 검사 방법, 특히 불완전 융합 검사보다 높았다. 구체적으로 이것은 RT 또는 CT 스캔으로 발견된 모든 오류가 EOSTATE Exposure OT로 명확히 표시된다는 것을 의미한다.  적층 제조 기술 책임자인 칼-하인츠 두셀(Karl-Heinz Dusel) 박사는 “EOSTATE Exposure OT는 부품의 결함 여부에 대하여 매우 신뢰성 있는 결과를 제공한다. 아직 결함을 놓친 적이 한 번도 없다. 이로서 보어스코프 보스의 양산 단계에서 엑스레이 및 CT 검사를 완전히 배제할 수 있었다. 이로 인한 경제적 이익은 매우 상당하다”고 말했다.  앞으로 독일의 주요 엔진 제조 업체는 EOSTATE Exposure OT를 간단한 프로세스 모니터링 기술에서 공식 테스트 방법으로 업그레이드할 계획이다. 통계적 프로세스 제어는 결과의 평가를 크게 단순화할 수 있다. 결함이 없는 몇 건의 제조 작업을 통해 신뢰할 수 있는 편차 곡선을 정의할 수 있으며, 모든 병렬 샘플링 프로세스를 대체할 수 있다. 추가적인 시험은 편차가 관찰되는 경우에만 필요하다.      기사 내용은 PDF로도 제공됩니다.

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